DOI: https://doi.org/10.14710/jksa.27.8.363-370

Photodegradation of Methylene Blue Dye Using BiVO₄/g-C₃N₄ Composites under Visible Light Irradiation

Department of Chemistry, Faculty of Mathematics and Natural Sciences, Jenderal Soedirman University, Purwokerto, Indonesia

Received: 14 Jun 2024; Revised: 3 Aug 2024; Accepted: 8 Aug 2024; Published: 31 Aug 2024.
Open Access Copyright 2024 Jurnal Kimia Sains dan Aplikasi under http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-sa/4.0.

Citation Format:
Image showing methylene blue degradation by BiVO4/g-C3N4, with electron transfer and radical formation
Abstract

This study evaluates the degradation of methylene blue through photocatalysis using BiVO4/g-C3N4 material with the help of visible light. Material characterization was conducted using X-ray diffraction, scanning electron microscopy, and UV-Vis diffuse reflectance spectroscopy data. The characterization results show that the crystal structure of BiVO4/g-C3N4 is a heterojunction between monoclinic BiVO4 and hexagonal g-C3N4, with a crystal size of about 10.16 nm and a band gap energy value of about 2.16 eV. The morphology formed is a combination of sheet and rod-like. This study optimized the photocatalytic activity of the composite by analyzing the variation of g-C3N4 concentration, degradation time, and methylene blue pH. The results show that the BiVO4/g-C3N4 sample has optimal photocatalytic and adsorption properties in sample B (1:3) with pH 7 and a degradation time of 150 minutes. Under these conditions, the BiVO4/g-C3N4 composite successfully degraded methylene blue by 94.14%. The rate kinetics of the photocatalytic reaction followed first order, with *OH species playing the most role in the degradation mechanism. These findings highlight the potential of BiVO4/g-C3N4 as an effective photocatalyst material for organic pollutant degradation applications, offering a sustainable solution for wastewater treatment.

Fulltext View|Download
Keywords: Methylene blue; BiVO₄/g-C₃N₄; photocatalysis; heterojunction; g-C₃N₄
Funding: Jenderal Soedirman University under contract 27.157/UN23.37/PT.01.03/II/2023

Article Metrics:

Article Info
Section: Research Articles
Language : EN
Recent articles
Synthesis of Novel Ester-Based 5-Fluorouracil Derivatives Photodegradation of Methylene Blue Dye Using BiVO₄/g-C₃N₄ Composites under Visible Light Irradiation Green Synthesis of Gold Nanoparticles Using Basella alba Leaf Extract and Their Antioxidant Activity More recent articles
Most cited articles
Isolasi Bakteri Termofilik Sumber Air Panas Gedongsongo dengan Media Pengaya Minimal YT (Yeast Tripton) serta Identifikasi Genotipik dan Fenotipik Aktivitas Antioksidan dan Antibakteri Produk Fermentasi Susu Kedelai dan Whey Tahu menggunakan Bakteri Asam Laktat Komersial Polimerisasi Eugenol Dengan Katalis Asam Sulfat Pekat Pengaruh Variasi Jenis Asam terhadap Karakter Nanosilika yang Disintesis dari Abu Sekam Padi Synthesis of Nano Chitosan as Carrier Material of Cinnamon’s Active Component More cited articles
  1. Idrees Khan, Khalid Saeed, Ivar Zekker, Baoliang Zhang, Abdulmajeed H. Hendi, Ashfaq Ahmad, Shujaat Ahmad, Noor Zada, Hanif Ahmad, Luqman Ali Shah, Tariq Shah, Ibrahim Khan, Review on Methylene Blue: Its Properties, Uses, Toxicity and Photodegradation, Water, 14, 2, (2022), 242 https://doi.org/10.3390/w14020242
  2. Ali H. Jawad, Ahmed Saud Abdulhameed, Mohd Sufri Mastuli, Acid-factionalized biomass material for methylene blue dye removal: a comprehensive adsorption and mechanism study, Journal of Taibah University for Science, 14, 1, (2020), 305-313 https://doi.org/10.1080/16583655.2020.1736767
  3. Kingsley O. Iwuozor, Joshua O. Ighalo, Lawal Adewale Ogunfowora, Adewale George Adeniyi, Chinenye Adaobi Igwegbe, An empirical literature analysis of adsorbent performance for methylene blue uptake from aqueous media, Journal of Environmental Chemical Engineering, 9, 4, (2021), 105658 https://doi.org/10.1016/j.jece.2021.105658
  4. Salni Salni, Muhammad Said, Eliza Eliza, Anggun Dita Dyah Gayatri, Poedji Loekitowati Hariani, Preparation of CoFe2O4/SiO2/Ag Magnetic Composite as Photocatalyst for Congo Red Dye and Antibacterial Potential, Jurnal Kimia Sains dan Aplikasi, 25, 7, (2022), 235-244 https://doi.org/10.14710/jksa.25.7.235-244
  5. Dessy Ariyanti, Afiatin Afiatin, Pury Diana Shintawati, Aprilina Purbasari, TiO2-PDMS Super Hydrophilic Coating with Self-Cleaning and Antimicrobial Properties, Jurnal Kimia Sains dan Aplikasi, 24, 6, (2021), 192-199 https://doi.org/10.14710/jksa.24.6.192-199
  6. M. Ganeshbabu, N. Kannan, P. Sundara Venkatesh, G. Paulraj, K. Jeganathan, D. MubarakAli, Synthesis and characterization of BiVO4 nanoparticles for environmental applications, RSC Advances, 10, 31, (2020), 18315-18322 https://doi.org/10.1039/D0RA01065K
  7. Bingjun Jin, Yoonjun Cho, Cheolwoo Park, Jeehun Jeong, Sungsoon Kim, Jie Jin, Wooyul Kim, Luyang Wang, Siyu Lu, Shengli Zhang, Sang Ho Oh, Kan Zhang, Jong Hyeok Park, A two-photon tandem black phosphorus quantum dot-sensitized BiVO4 photoanode for solar water splitting, Energy & Environmental Science, 15, 2, (2022), 672-679 https://doi.org/10.1039/D1EE03014K
  8. Diksha Mittal, Dimple P. Dutta, Synthesis, structure, and selected photocatalytic applications of graphitic carbon nitride: a review, Journal of Materials Science: Materials in Electronics, 32, 14, (2021), 18512-18543 https://doi.org/10.1007/s10854-021-06508-y
  9. Sry Wahyuni, Syukri Syukri, Syukri Arief, Green synthesis of Ag/TiO2 Nanocomposite Assisted by Gambier Leaf (Uncaria gambir Roxb) Extract, Jurnal Kimia Sains dan Aplikasi, 22, 6, (2019), 250-255 10.14710/jksa.22.6.250-255
  10. Muhammad Salim Mansha, Tahir Iqbal, Muhammad Farooq, Khalid Nadeem Riaz, Sumera Afsheen, Muhammad Shehzad Sultan, Nabil Al-Zaqri, Ismail Warad, Arslan Masood, Facile hydrothermal synthesis of BiVO4 nanomaterials for degradation of industrial waste, Heliyon, 9, 5, (2023), https://doi.org/10.1016/j.heliyon.2023.e15978
  11. Debajyoti Das, Pronay Makal, RETRACTED: Narrow band gap reduced TiO2-B:Cu nanowire heterostructures for efficient visible light absorption, charge separation and photocatalytic degradation, Applied Surface Science, 506, (2020), 144880 https://doi.org/10.1016/j.apsusc.2019.144880
  12. Syed Khasim, Apsar Pasha, Mohana Lakshmi, Chellasamy Panneerselvam, Mohammad Fahad Ullah, A. A. A. Darwish, Taymour A. Hamdalla, S. Alfadhli, S. A. Al-Ghamdi, Synthesis of g-C3N4/CuO Nanocomposite as a Supercapacitor with Improved Electrochemical Performance for Energy Storage Applications, International Journal of Electrochemical Science, 17, 8, (2022), 220838 https://doi.org/10.20964/2022.08.29
  13. Javad Safaei, Habib Ullah, Nurul Aida Mohamed, Mohamad Firdaus Mohamad Noh, Mohd Fairus Soh, Asif A. Tahir, Norasikin Ahmad Ludin, Mohd Adib Ibrahim, Wan Nor Roslam Wan Isahak, Mohd Asri Mat Teridi, Enhanced photoelectrochemical performance of Z-scheme g-C3N4/BiVO4 photocatalyst, Applied Catalysis B: Environmental, 234, (2018), 296-310 https://doi.org/10.1016/j.apcatb.2018.04.056
  14. Pham Hoai Linh, Pham Do Chung, Nguyen Van Khien, Le Thi Mai Oanh, Vu Thi Thu, Ta Ngoc Bach, Lam Thi Hang, Nguyen Manh Hung, Vu Dinh Lam, A simple approach for controlling the morphology of g-C3N4 nanosheets with enhanced photocatalytic properties, Diamond and Related Materials, 111, (2021), 108214 https://doi.org/10.1016/j.diamond.2020.108214
  15. Kharisma Madda Ellyana, Kharisma Luthfiaratri Rahayu, Ratri Febriastuti, Abdul Haris, Cassava Skin Usage (Manihot esculenta L.) as Photocatalyst for Degradation of Methylene Blue in the River of Textile Industrial Zone, Jurnal Kimia Sains dan Aplikasi, 21, 4, (2018), 232-236 https://doi.org/10.14710/jksa.21.4.232-236
  16. Xiaowei Li, Bin Wang, Wenxuan Yin, Jun Di, Jiexiang Xia, Wenshuai Zhu, Huaming Li, Cu2+ modified g-C3N4 photocatalysts for visible light photocatalytic properties, Acta Physico-Chimica Sinica, 36, 1902001, (2020), 10.3866
  17. Binbin Zhao, Wei Zhong, Feng Chen, Ping Wang, Chuanbiao Bie, Huogen Yu, High-crystalline g-C3N4 photocatalysts: Synthesis, structure modulation, and H2-evolution application, Chinese Journal of Catalysis, 52, (2023), 127-143 https://doi.org/10.1016/S1872-2067(23)64491-2
  18. Mengfei Lu, Qiaoqiao Li, Chengliang Zhang, Xiaoxing Fan, Lei Li, Yuming Dong, Guoqing Chen, Haifeng Shi, Remarkable photocatalytic activity enhancement of CO2 conversion over 2D/2D g-C3N4/BiVO4 Z-scheme heterojunction promoted by efficient interfacial charge transfer, Carbon, 160, (2020), 342-352 https://doi.org/10.1016/j.carbon.2020.01.038
  19. Mojgan Goudarzi, Zaid Hamzah Abdulhusain, Masoud Salavati-Niasari, Low-cost and eco-friendly synthesis of Mn-doped Tl2WO4 nanostructures for efficient visible light photocatalytic degradation of antibiotics in water, Solar Energy, 262, (2023), 111912 https://doi.org/10.1016/j.solener.2023.111912
  20. Jia Jia, Qiqi Zhang, Keke Li, Yating Zhang, Enzhou Liu, Xin Li, Recent advances on g–C3N4–based Z-scheme photocatalysts: Structural design and photocatalytic applications, International Journal of Hydrogen Energy, 48, 1, (2023), 196-231 https://doi.org/10.1016/j.ijhydene.2022.09.272
  21. Yile Wang, Dan Yu, Wei Wang, Pin Gao, Shan Zhong, Lishan Zhang, Qiangqiang Zhao, Baojiang Liu, Synthesizing Co3O4-BiVO4/g-C3N4 heterojunction composites for superior photocatalytic redox activity, Separation and Purification Technology, 239, (2020), 116562 https://doi.org/10.1016/j.seppur.2020.116562
  22. Thamrin Azis, La Ode Ahmad, Keke Awaliyah, Laode Abdul Kadir, Study of Kinetics and Adsorption Isotherm of Methylene Blue Dye using Tannin Gel from Ceriops tagal, Jurnal Kimia Sains dan Aplikasi, 23, 10, (2020), 370-376 https://doi.org/10.14710/jksa.23.10.370-376
  23. Deepshikha Pandey, Achlesh Daverey, Kasturi Dutta, Vinod Kumar Yata, Kusum Arunachalam, Valorization of waste pine needle biomass into biosorbents for the removal of methylene blue dye from water: Kinetics, equilibrium and thermodynamics study, Environmental Technology & Innovation, 25, (2022), 102200 https://doi.org/10.1016/j.eti.2021.102200
  24. Pooneh Hemmatpour, Alireza Nezamzadeh-Ejhieh, A Z-scheme CdS/BiVO4 photocatalysis towards Eriochrome black T: An experimental design and mechanism study, Chemosphere, 307, (2022), 135925 https://doi.org/10.1016/j.chemosphere.2022.135925
  25. Mahboube Hajiali, Mehrdad Farhadian, Shahram Tangestaninejad, Mohsen khosravi, Synthesis and characterization of Bi2MoO6/MIL-101(Fe) as a novel composite with enhanced photocatalytic performance: Effect of water matrix and reaction mechanism, Advanced Powder Technology, 33, 5, (2022), 103546 https://doi.org/10.1016/j.apt.2022.103546
  26. Yong Ouyang, Xu Jianquan, Yang Aiyu, Caixia Zhong, Hu Wenjing, Feng Shenglei, Hou Youpeng, Photocatalytic Performance of Alkaline Activated Graphitic Carbon Nitride Under Blue LED Light, Materials Science, 28, 2, (2022), 129-137
  27. Usman Qumar, Jahan Zeb Hassan, Rukhsar Ahmad Bhatti, Ali Raza, Ghazanfar Nazir, Walid Nabgan, Muhammad Ikram, Photocatalysis vs adsorption by metal oxide nanoparticles, Journal of Materials Science & Technology, 131, (2022), 122-166 https://doi.org/10.1016/j.jmst.2022.05.020
  28. Chencheng Dong, Wenzhang Fang, Qiuying Yi, Jinlong Zhang, A comprehensive review on reactive oxygen species (ROS) in advanced oxidation processes (AOPs), Chemosphere, 308, (2022), 136205 https://doi.org/10.1016/j.chemosphere.2022.136205
  29. Hossein Ashrafi, Morteza Akhond, Ghodratollah Absalan, Adsorption and photocatalytic degradation of aqueous methylene blue using nanoporous carbon nitride, Journal of Photochemistry and Photobiology A: Chemistry, 396, (2020), 112533 https://doi.org/10.1016/j.jphotochem.2020.112533
  30. Yian Chen, Zhouyang Xiang, Desheng Wang, Jian Kang, Haisong Qi, Effective photocatalytic degradation and physical adsorption of methylene blue using cellulose/GO/TiO2 hydrogels, RSC Advances, 10, 40, (2020), 23936-23943 https://doi.org/10.1039/D0RA04509H
  31. Ameer Baig Ali Baig, Vadamalar Rathinam, Jayanthi Palaninathan, Photodegradation activity of yttrium-doped SnO2 nanoparticles against methylene blue dye and antibacterial effects, Applied Water Science, 10, 2, (2020), 76 https://doi.org/10.1007/s13201-020-1143-1
  32. Suhila Alkaykh, Aïcha Mbarek, Elbashir E. Ali-Shattle, Photocatalytic degradation of methylene blue dye in aqueous solution by MnTiO3 nanoparticles under sunlight irradiation, Heliyon, 6, 4, (2020), e03663 https://doi.org/10.1016/j.heliyon.2020.e03663
  33. Fengqiu Yu, Fuzhong Gong, Qifan Yang, Yanfeng Wang, Fabrication of a magnetic retrievable dual Z-scheme g-C3N4/BiVO4/CoFe2O4 composite photocatalyst with significantly enhanced activity for the degradation of rhodamine B and hydrogen evolution under visible light, Diamond and Related Materials, 125, (2022), 109004 https://doi.org/10.1016/j.diamond.2022.109004
  34. Jiadong Xiao, Yongbing Xie, Jabor Rabeah, Angelika Brückner, Hongbin Cao, Visible-Light Photocatalytic Ozonation Using Graphitic C3N4 Catalysts: A Hydroxyl Radical Manufacturer for Wastewater Treatment, Accounts of Chemical Research, 53, 5, (2020), 1024-1033 https://doi.org/10.1021/acs.accounts.9b00624

Last update:

No citation recorded.

Last update: 2024-09-26 01:38:17

No citation recorded.