DOI: https://doi.org/10.14710/lr.v18i1.44154

Legal Liability for Crimes against Humanity as A Form of Human Rights Violation (Criminal Law Perspective)

*Juanrico Alfaromona Sumarezs Titahelu publons  -  Faculty of Law, Universitas Pattimura, Indonesia
Open Access Copyright 2022 LAW REFORM under http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-sa/4.0.

Citation Format:
Abstract

Moluccas is known as its “Pela-Gandong” culture, an old tradition where the local community live together hand in hand compassionate and respecting each other, maintaining kinship relation. Cases of Human Rights violation in 1999 and 2011 in Ambon have brought serious damage to the kinship relation of local community in Ambon. This study aims to examine and discuss legal responsibility for violence against humanity as a form of Human rights violation. This study used some approaches as legislations, case based approaches, and conceptual approaches. This study shows that criminal system in Indonesia is based on individual responsibility, however, the action done by a group or an organization is a crime against humanity. Legal responsibility for crimes against humanity as a form of Human Rights violations like what happened in Moluccas can be charged to the leader or the officials in the form of imprisonment. Meanwhile, punishment or sanction to the organization must be in the form of organization dissolution.

Fulltext View|Download
Keywords: Legal Responsibility/liability; Crime against Humanity; Criminal Law.

Article Metrics:

Article Info
Section: Research Article
Language : EN
Recent articles
Alternative Criminal Punishments for the Settlement of Misdemeanor in a Social Justice Perspective Legal Liability for Crimes against Humanity as A Form of Human Rights Violation (Criminal Law Perspective) The Constitutionality of Outsourcing Job Regulation in the Law on Job Creation Reconceptualizing Legal Arrangement on the Doctor-Patient Relationship in Indonesia More recent articles
Most cited articles
URGENSI REKONSTRUKSI HUKUM E-COMMERCE DI INDONESIA PENDIDIKAN HUKUM SEBAGAI PENDIDIKAN MANUSIA IMPLEMENTASI PENILAIAN KEBARUAN DAN PRINSIP ITIKAD BAIK DALAM PERLINDUNGAN DESAIN INDUSTRI PERLINDUNGAN HUKUM TERHADAP KONSUMEN DALAM TRANSAKSI E-COMMERCE KEBIJAKAN FORMULASI HUKUM PIDANA DALAM MELINDUNGI TRANSAKSI E - COMMERCE DI INDONESIA More cited articles
  1. Agustina, M. Sri Astuti. (2018). Tinjauan Yuridis Tentang Proses Peradilan Pidana Dan Penegakan HAM Di Indonesia.Yustitiabelen, Vol.4,(No.1),pp.128–153. https://doi.org/10. 36563/yustiabelen.v4i1.155
  2. Astuti, L. (2016). Penegakan Hukum Pidana Indonesia Dalam Penyelesaian Pelanggaran Hak Asasi Manusia. Jurnal Kosmik Hukum, Vol.16,(No.2),pp.1–12. DOI: 10.30595/kosmikhukum.v16i2.1955
  3. Bahreisy, B. (2016). Pertanggungjawaban Pidana Bagi Pelaku Penggunaan Frekuensi Radio Tanpa Izin Berdasarkan Undang-UndangTentang Telekomunikasi (Criminal Of Perpetrators Of Use Of Illegal Radio Frequencies Under The Act Of Telecommunication). Jurnal Penelitian Hukum De Jure, Vol.16, (No.3), pp.265–276. http://dx.doi.org/10.30641/dejure.2016.V16.265-276
  4. Daud, Aidur A. (2021). Human Rights, Islamophobia, and the War on Terrorism. Hasanuddin Law Review, Vol.7,(No.3),pp.169-182. http://dx.doi.org/10.20956/ halrev.v7i3.2833
  5. Disemadi, Hari S. (2021). Urgensi Regulasi Khusus dan Pemanfaatan Artificial Intelligence dalam Mewujudkan Perlindungan Data Pribadi di Indonesia. Jurnal Wawasan Yuridika, Vol.5, (No.2),pp.177-199. http://dx.doi.org/10.25072/ jwy.v5i2.460
  6. Dimyati, Khudzaifah., & Angkasa. (2019). Victimological Approaches to Crime of Rape in Indonesian Criminal Justice System. Hasanuddin Law Review, Vol. 4, (No.3),pp.366-376. http://dx.doi.org/ 10.20956/ halrev.v4i3.1292
  7. Erdman, Joanna N. (2017). Human rights education in patient care. Public Health Reviews, Vol.38, (No.1),pp.1-15. https://doi.org/10.1186/s40985-017-0061-8
  8. Erdman, Joanna N., & Cook, Rebecca J. (2020). Decriminalization of abortion–a human rights imperative. Best Practice & Research Clinical Obstetrics & Gynaecology, No. 62, pp. 11-24, https://doi.org/10.1016/j.bpobgyn.2019.05.004
  9. Faisal, F. (2019). Eksistensi Pengadilan Hak Asasi Manusia Terhadap Penegakan Hak Asasi Manusia Dalam Sistem Peradilan. Gorontalo Law Review, Vol.2, (No.1), p.37. https://doi.org/ 10.32662/golrev.v2i1.559
  10. Fani, R. (2020). Doktrin Pertanggung jawaban Komando Atas Kejahatan Berat HAM Menurut Hukum Pidana Internasional. Wacana Paramarta Jurnal Ilmu Hukum, Vol.19, (No.1), pp.47–59.https//:doi.org/10.32186/para marta.V19i1.84
  11. Jailani, M. (2011). Tanggung Jawab Negara Dalam Memberikan Perlindungan Terhadap Hak-Hak Korban Pelanggaran HAM Berat Di Indonesia. Syiar Hukum: Jurnal Ilmu Hukum, Vol.13, (No.1), pp.83–97. https://doi.org/10.29313/sh. v13i1.651
  12. Jati, Wasisto R. (2013). Kearifan Lokal Sebagai Resolusi Konflik Keagamaan. Walisongo, Vol.21,(No.2),p.399.DOI: 10.21580/ws.21.2.251
  13. Latukau, F. (2020). Perlindungan Hukum Hak Asasi Pelaku Terorisme sebagai Bentuk Penerapan Hukum yang Berkepastian dan Berkeadilan. Journal of Judicial Review, Vol.22, (No.1), pp.1-13. http://dx.doi.org/10.37 253/jjr.v22i1.699
  14. Manggala, I. Gede Fajar., Dewi, Anak Agung Sagung Laksmi., & Suryani, Luh Putu. (2021). Tinjauan Yuridis Tindak Pidana Kebiri Dalam Perspektif Hak Asasi Manusia. Jurnal Konstruksi Hukum, Vol.2, (No.1), p.46. https://www.ejournal. warmadewa.ac.id/index. php/jukonhum/article/view/2966
  15. Meyners, David Y. (2021). Pelanggaran HAM Berat Dan Pertanggungjawaban. Jurnal Hukum Yurisprudensia,Vol.21,(No.1),p.30. http://publikasi.undana.ac.id/index.php/jhy/article/view/h718
  16. Nusantara, Abdul Hakim G. (2021). Penerapan Hukum International Dalam Kasus Pelanggaran Hak Asasi Manusia Berat Di Indonesia. Indonesian Journal of International Law,Vol.1,(No.4),pp.758–59.DOI: 10.17304/ijil.vol1.4.566
  17. Pratama, Kristianus J. (2020). Pertanggung jawaban Hukum Perusahaan Pers Dalam Publikasi Berita Yang Bermuatan Contempt of Court. Era Hukum; Jurnal Ilmiah Ilmu Hukum, Vol.18,(No.2),pp.142–58. http://dx.doi.org/10. 24912/erahukum.v18i2.9823
  18. Ratnawati. (2020). Children's Recidivist who Conducted Criminal Act: Legal Psychology Perspective. Hasanuddin Law Review, Vol.6, (No.2),pp.142-148. http://dx.doi.org/10.20956/ halrev.v6i2.1676
  19. Sabila, Yumna., Bustamam, Kamaruzaman., & Badri. (2018). Landasan Teori Hak Asasi Manusia Dan Pelanggaran Hak Asasi Manusia. Jurnal Justisia; Jurnal Ilmu Hukum, Perundang-Undangang Dan Pranata Sosial, Vol.3, (No.2), pp.205–24. http://dx.doi.org/10.22373/ justisia. v3i2.5929
  20. Saira, Herlinda., Sakinah, Ulfa., & Pasca P, Almas Rioga. (2020). Rekonstuksi KKR Sebagai Bentuk Pertanggungjawaban Negara Terhadap Korban Pelanggran HAM Berat. Mimbar Jurnal Hukum, Vol.1,(No.1),pp.1–27. https://mimbarjurnalhukum.com/index.php/jurnal/article/view/8
  21. Septika, Luh Putu S. (2016). Tanggung Jawab Negara Dalam Penyelesaian Pelanggaran Hak Asasi Manusia. Jurnal Magister Hukum Udayana,Vol.5,(No.4),pp.661–76. https://doi. org/10.24843/JMHU.2016.v05.i04.p03
  22. Sibuea, Harris Yonathan P. (2016). Penegakan Hukum Pengaturan Minuman Beralkohol. Jurnal Negara Hukum,Vol.7,(No.1),p.127. https://doi.org/10.222 12/jnh.v7i1.926
  23. Sriwidodo, Lukman Dwi Hadi P. (2020). Pertanggungjawaban Negara Dalam Penyelesaian Kasus Pelanggaran Hak Asasi Manusia Yang Berat Di Aceh Melalui Mekanisme Komisi Kebenaran Dan Rekonsiliasi Aceh. Jurist-Diction, Vol.3, (No.6), pp-2261–2292.DOI: 10.20473/jd.v3i6.22971
  24. Supriyanto, Bambang H. (2014). Penegakan Hukum Mengenai Hak Asasi Manusia (HAM) Menurut Hukum Positif Di Indonesia. Jurnal Al-Azhar Indonesia Seri Pranata Sosial, Vol.2, (No.3),pp.151–68. https://jurnal.uai.ac.id/index. php/SPS/ article/view/167
  25. Titahelu, Juanrico Alfaromona Sumarezs., Irwansyah., Awaludin, Hamid., & Ashri, Muhammad. (2015). Strengthening Pela-Gandong Alliance Based on The Jhon Rawls Theory of Justice. Hasanuddin Law Review, Vol.1,(No.3),p.418. http://dx.doi.org/10.20956/halrev.v1i3.119
  26. Titahelu, Juanrico Alfaromona S. (2019a). Pelaksanaan Pembuktian Dalam Tindak Pidana Terorisme. Jurnal Belo, Vol.4, (No.2), p.153.DOI: 10.30598/BELOVOL4ISSUE2PAGE145-157
  27. Titahelu, Juanrico Alfaromona S. (2019b). The Essence of Human Rights Violations in Social Conflict in Maluku (After The Riots In 1999). InformationandKnowledgeManagement,Vol.9, (No.8),p.33. DOI: 10.7176/IKM/9-8-06
  28. Titahelu, Juanrico Alfaromona S. (2021). Legal Efforts Special Detachment 88 Anti-Terror Investigators, Police Of The Republik Indonesia After The Decision Of the Constitutional Court Number 130/PUU-XIII/2015. Awang Long Law Review, Vol.3, (No.2),p.262. https://ejournal.stihawanglong.ac.id/index.php/awl/article/view/253
  29. Wadjo, Hadibah Z., Titahelu, Juanrico Alfaromona Sumarezs., Latumaerissa, Denny., Saimima, Judy M., & Corputty, Patrick. (2021). The Effectiveness of Law Number 6 Year 2018 and Law Number 4 Year 1984 in Handling the Covid-19 Pandemik for Inter-Island Travel In Ambon City. Scholars International Journal of Law, Crime and Justice, Vol.4, (No.2), p.79.doi: 10.36348/sijlcj.2021.v04i02.007
  30. Wongkar, Vonny A. (2006). Tanggungjawab Komando Terhadap Pelanggaran Hak Asasi Manusia (HAM) Yang Berat Dan Kejahatan Perang Dalam Pembaharuan Hukum Pidana Di Inonesia. Law Reform,Vol.2,(No.1),pp.14–32. https://doi .org/10.14710/lr.v2i1.12229
  31. Yanto, Oksidelfa., Rahmadi, Imam Fitri., & Sari, Nani Widya. (2022). Can Judges Ignore Justifying and Forgiveness Reasons for Justice and Human Rights?. Sriwijaya Law Review, Vol. 6, (No.1),pp.122-142. http://dx.doi.org/10.28946/ slrev.Vol6.Iss1.1054.pp122-142
  32. Yuningsih, H. (2020). Ratio Legis of Chemical Castration to the Perpetrators of Sexual Violence against Children. Sriwijaya Law Review, Vol.4,(No.2),pp.285-303. http://dx.doi. org/10.28946/slrev.Vol4.Iss2.652.pp285-303
  33. Zunnuraeni. (2013). Politik Hukum Penegakan Hak Asasi Manusia Di Indonesia Dalam Kasus Pelanggaran HAM Berat. Jurnal IUS; Kajian Hukum Dan Keadilan, Vol.1,(No.2),pp.361–362. http://dx.doi.org/10.12345/ius.v1i2.242
  34. Titahelu, Juanrico Aalfaromona S. (2003). Analisis Perbuatan Pelanggaran Hak Asasi Manusia Oleh Kelompok (Studi Kasus Di Provinsi Maluku). Universitas Sam Ratulangi Manado
  35. Asshiddiqie, Jimly., & Safa’at, M. Ali. (2012). Teori Hans Kelsen Tentang Hukum. Jakarta: Konstitusi Press
  36. Atmadja, I. Dewa Gede. (2015). Teori Konstitusi Dan Konsep Negara Hukum. Malang: Setara Press
  37. Kelsen, H. (2014). Teori Hukum Murni Dasar-Dasar Ilmu Hukum Normatif. Bandung: Nusamedia
  38. Marzuki, Peter M. (2005). Penelitian Hukum. Jakarta: Fajar Interpratama Offset
  39. HS, Salim., & Nurbani, Erlies Septiana.(2013). Penerapan Teori Hukum Pada Penelitian Tesis Dan Disertasi. Jakarta: PT Raja Grafindo Perkasa
  40. Kompas. (2011). Pertikaian di Ambon Bukan Konflik Agama. Retrieved from https://nasional. kompas.com/read/2011/10/02/20394476/Pertikaian.di.Ambon.Bukan.Konflik.Agama

Last update:

  1. Tinjauan Turidis Terhadap Pemulihan Nama Baik Bagi Terdakwa Yang Dinyatakan Bebas

    Arjun Arjun, Juanrico Alfaromona Sumarezs Titahelu, Carolina Tuhumury. TATOHI: Jurnal Ilmu Hukum, 3 (7), 2023. doi: 10.47268/tatohi.v3i7.1853

  2. The Entry Selection System in Indonesia’s Public High Schools: Quo vadis

    Muhamad Dzadit Taqwa, M. Irfan Dwi Putra, Edmond Wangtri Putra. LAW REFORM, 19 (1), 2023. doi: 10.14710/lr.v19i1.51552

  3. Pertangungjawaban Pidana Tim Anggaran Pemerintah Daerah Dalam Penetapan RKA-SKPD Yang Menimbulkan Kerugian Negara

    Weldy Vienando Lopulisa, Juanrico Alfaromona Sumarezs Titahelu, Erwin Ubwarin. TATOHI: Jurnal Ilmu Hukum, 3 (2), 2023. doi: 10.47268/tatohi.v3i2.1563

  4. Application of Universal Jurisdiction Principles to Cross-Country Money Laundering

    Efendi Lod Simanjutak, Anatoliy Kostruba. LAW REFORM, 19 (1), 2023. doi: 10.14710/lr.v19i1.48966

  5. Indonesia Government Sets Back: The Rule Of Law, Collaborative Governance And Human Right Challenges During Covid-19

    Hardi Warsono, Anita Amaliyah, Ika Riswanti Putranti, Aniello Iannone. LAW REFORM, 19 (2), 2023. doi: 10.14710/lr.v19i2.53734

  6. Penanganan Tindak Pidana Narkotika Di Kota Ambon Oleh Direktorat Reserse Narkoba Polda Maluku

    Pricilya Melany Anthonio, Juanrico Alfaromona Sumarezs Titahelu, Judy Marria Saimima. TATOHI: Jurnal Ilmu Hukum, 3 (6), 2023. doi: 10.47268/tatohi.v3i6.1818

Last update: 2025-07-20 17:45:14

No citation recorded.