DOI: https://doi.org/10.14710/reaktor.16.4.212-217

HYDROTHERMAL CARBONIZATION OF BIOMASS WASTE BY USING A STIRRED REACTOR: AN INITIAL EXPERIMENTAL RESULTS

*Herlian Eriska  -  Loka Penelitian Teknologi Bersih LIPI, Indonesia
Kania Dewi  -  Faculty of Civil and Environmental Engineering, Institut Teknologi Bandung
Ari Darmawan Pasek  -  Faculty of Mechanical and Aerospace Engineering, Institut Teknologi Bandung
Enri Damanhuri  -  Faculty of Civil and Environmental Engineering, Institut Teknologi Bandung
Open Access Copyright (c) 2017 REAKTOR

Citation Format:
Abstract
Hydrothermal carbonization (HTC) is a thermochemical process used to convert wet biomass waste become a coal-like material with higher carbon content called hydrochar. In this study, design and performance test of hydrothermal carbonization prototype reactor is done. Stirred reactor was made of stainless steel 304 with volume of 1 Liter and electric heater as a heating mantle. The HTC reactor was utilized to perform the carbonization of three materials (paper, left-rice, and woodchip) as substrates, in order to study the influence of the temperature conditions on the hydrochar produced. The substrates represent major component in municpal solid waste (MSW). The study showed that chemical and physical properties of several feedstock and hydrochar varied as a function of reaction temperature. HTC is operated in batch at temperatures of 160°, 190° and 220oC, 60 min of reaction time, and 1 MPa initial pressure of nitrogen gas. Three of product were collected from the process with primary material balance. Results showed the products change as the temperature increased. The results suggested that hydrothermal treatment of biomass waste to solid fuel gave high heating value (HHV) with value of 5231.3, 4569.5, and 5422.7 kcal/kg for paper, left-rice, and woodchip respectively after product dried naturally.
Fulltext View|Download
Keywords: Reactor; waste treatment
Funding: Indonesia Endowment Fund for Education (LPDP)

Article Metrics:

Article Info
Section: Research Article
Language : EN
Recent articles
Bagian Depan Reaktor Vol 16 No 4 2016 HYDROTHERMAL CARBONIZATION OF BIOMASS WASTE BY USING A STIRRED REACTOR: AN INITIAL EXPERIMENTAL RESULTS Peningkatan Produksi Gula Pereduksi dari Tandan Kosong Kelapa Sawit dengan Praperlakuan Asam Organik pada Reaktor Bertekanan Fabrikasi Kernel TRISO-UN dan Karakternya, Sebuah Kajian Bagian Belakang Reaktor Vol 16 No 4 2016 More recent articles
  1. Bobleter, O., (1994), Hydrothermal degradation of polymers derived from plants, Progress in Polymer Science, 19(5), pp. 797–841
  2. Funke, A., Ziegler, F., (2010), Hydrothermal carbonization of biomass: A summary and discussion of chemical mechanisms for process engineering. Biofuels Bioproducts & Biorefining-Biofpr, 4, pp. 160-177
  3. Garrote, G., Dominguez, H., Parajo, J., (1999), Hydrothermal processing of lignocellulosic materials, European Journal of Wood and Wood Products, 57(3), pp. 191-202
  4. Hwang, I.H., Aoyama, H., Matsuto, T., Nakagishi, T., Matsuo, T., (2012), Recovery of solid fuel from municipal solid waste by hydrothermal treatment using subcritical water, Waste Management, 32(3), pp. 410-416
  5. Libra, J.A., Ro, K.S., Kammann, C., Funked, A., Berge, N.D., Neubauer, Y., Titirici, M.M., Fühner, C., Bens, O., Kern, J., Emmerich, K.H., (2011), Hydrothermal carbonization of biomass residuals: a comparative review of the chemistry, processes and applications of wet and dry pyrolysis, Biofuels, 2(1), pp. 71–106
  6. Lu, L., Namioka, T., Yoshikawa, K., (2011), Effects of hydrothermal treatment on characteristics and combustion behaviors of municipal solid wastes. Applied Energy, 88, pp. 3659-3664
  7. Lu, X., Jordan, B., Berge, N.D., (2012), Thermal conversion of municipal solid waste via hydrothermal carbonization: Comparison of carbonization products to products from current waste management techniques, Waste Management, 32(7), pp. 1353-1365
  8. Lu, X., Pellechia, P., Flora, Joseph R. V., Berge, N.D., (2013), Influence of reaction time and temperature on product formation associated with the hydrothermal carbonization of cellulose. Bioresource Technology, 138, pp. 180-190
  9. Lu, X., Flora, J.R.V., Berge, N.D., (2014), Influence of Process Water Quality on Hydrothermal Carbonization of Cellulose, Bioresource Technology, 154, pp. 229-239
  10. Lu, X., Berge, N.D., (2014), Influence of Feedstock Chemical Composition on Product Formation and Characteristics Derived from The Hydrothermal Carbonization of Mixed Feedstocks. Bioresource Technology, 166, pp. 120–131
  11. Sevilla, M., Fuertes, A.B., (2009a), Chemical and structural properties of carbonaceous products obtained by hydrothermal carbonization of saccharides, Chem. Eur. J., 15, pp. 4195-4203
  12. Sevilla, M., Fuertes, A.B., (2009b), The production of carbon materials by hydrothermal carbonization of cellulose. Carbon, 47, pp. 2281-2289
  13. Titirici, M.M., Thomas, A., Yu, S.-H., Müller, J.-O., Antonietti, M., (2007), A Direct Synthesis of Mesoporous Carbons with Bicontinuous Pore Morphology from Crude Plant Material by Hydrothermal Carbonization, Chemistry of Materials, 19(17), pp. 4205-4212
  14. Wang, J.Y., He, C., Giannis, A., (2013), Conversion of sewage sludge to clean solid fuel using hydrothermal carbonization: Hydrochar fuel characteristics and combustion behavior, Applied Energy, 111, pp. 257–266
  15. Wiedner, K., Naisse, C., Rumpel, C., Pozzi, A., Wieczorek, P., Glaser, B., (2013), Chemical modification of biomass residues during hydrothermal carbonization–What makes the difference, temperature or feedstock?, Organic Geochemistry, 54, pp. 91–100
  16. Yuliansyah, A.T., Hirajima, T., Kumagai, S., Sasaki, K., (2010), Production of solid biofuel from agricultural wastes of the palm oil industry by hydrothermal treatment, Waste and Biomass Valorization, 1, pp. 395–405
  17. http://www.spiraxsarco.com/Resources/Pages/Steam-Tables/saturated-water.aspx (accessed on December 12th, 2015

Last update:

No citation recorded.

Last update:

No citation recorded.