DOI: https://doi.org/10.14710/ijfst.19.1.15-22

PENGHAMBATAN α-GLUCOSIDASE OLEH FLAVONOID DARI EKSTRAK ETIL ASETAT DAUN MANGROVE Sonneratia alba SEBAGAI ANTIDIABETES MELALUI PENAMBATAN MOLEKULER

*Yunita Eka Puspitasari orcid scopus  -  Program Studi Pengolahan Hasil Perikanan, Fakultas Perikanan dan Ilmu Kelautan, Universitas Brawijaya, Malang, Indonesia, Indonesia
Hezkiel Oktorully Tampubolon  -  Program Studi Pengolahan Hasil Perikanan, Fakultas Perikanan dan Ilmu Kelautan, Universitas Brawijaya, Malang, Indonesia, Indonesia
Alifiah Nur Fajrin  -  Program Studi Pengolahan Hasil Perikanan, Fakultas Perikanan dan Ilmu Kelautan, Universitas Brawijaya, Malang, Indonesia, Indonesia
Titik Dwi Sulistiyati  -  Program Studi Pengolahan Hasil Perikanan, Fakultas Perikanan dan Ilmu Kelautan, Universitas Brawijaya, Malang, Indonesia, Indonesia
Hardoko Hardoko orcid  -  Program Studi Pengolahan Hasil Perikanan, Fakultas Perikanan dan Ilmu Kelautan, Universitas Brawijaya, Malang, Indonesia, Indonesia

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Abstract

α-glucosidase memiliki peran penting dalam metabolisme karbohidrat pada tubuh manusia dengan bekerja memutus rantai oligosakarida menjadi gula sederhana seperti monosakarida.Penghambatan aktivitas α-glucosidase menjadi salah satu mekanisme untuk mengendalikan kadar glukosa dalam darah penderita diabetes. Obat herbal sebagai inhibitor α-glucosidase bersumber dari bahan alami laut khususnya mangrove menarik perhatian. Buah pedada Sonneratia alba telah diketahui mengandung senyawa fitokimia yang berpotensi sebagai antidiabetes, akan tetapi belum pernah dilaporkan kandungan senyawa bioaktif yang berperan sebagai inhibitor α-glucosidase. Kelimpahan daun pada tanaman mangrove lebih tinggi daripada buah sehingga pada penelitian ini menggunakan daun sebagai penghambat aktivitas α-glucosidase. Tujuan dari penelitian ini adalah untuk menganalisa profil senyawa fitokimia flavonoid dari ekstrak etil asetat daun pedada S. alba, dan untuk menentukan senyawa fitokimia tersebut yang berperan sebagai inhibitor α-glucosidase secara in silico melalui penambatan molekuler. Hasil penelitian menunjukkan tiga senyawa fitokimia flavonoid dari ekstrak etil asetat daun pedada S. alba seperti luteolin, apigenin, dan diosmetin telah diidentifikasi. Menurut kaidah Lipinski, analisa druglikeness dan toksisitas, maka semua senyawa tersebut aman untuk dikonsumsi, Hasil penambatan molekuler menunjukkan energi ikatan yang dihasilkan dari interaksi reseptor dan ligan uji lebih rendah daripada energi ikatan dari reseptor dan ligan kontrol maupun alami. Sehingga dapat disimpulkan bahwa luteolin, apigenin dan diosmetin dari ekstrak etil asetat daun pedada berpotensi sebagai inhibitor α-glucosidase.

 

α-glucosidase plays an important role in carbohydrate metabolism in the human body by breakdown oligosaccharides into monosaccharides. The inhibition of α-glucosidase activity is one of the mechanisms for controlling blood glucose levels in diabetes patients. Herbal drug as an α-glucosidase inhibitor from marine resources, especially mangroves is attracting interest. The fruit of Sonneratia alba contains phytochemical compounds potent as antidiabetic but no report related to their bioactive compound as inhibitor α-glucosidase. The abundance of leaves is higher than the fruit; therefore, in this study, the leaves will be used as α-glucosidase inhibitors. This study aimed to profile bioactive compounds of ethyl acetate extract of pedada S. alba leaves and to evaluate phytochemical compounds of S. alba leaves as α-glucosidase inhibitors using molecular docking in silico. The results showed that three phytochemical compounds of ethyl acetate extract of S. alba leaves, such as luteolin, apigenin, and diosmetin have been identified. According to the Lipinski’s rule, drug likeness, and toxicity test, all compounds are safe to consume. Docking studies showed that binding energy between receptor and phytochemical compounds is lower than binding energy between receptor and ligand control. In conclusion, luteolin, apigenin and diosmetin of ethyl acetate extract of pedada S. alba leaves have potent as α-glucosidase inhibitors.

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Keywords: Sonneratia alba; diabetes; α-glucosidase
Funding: Hibah Penelitian Fakultas Perikanan dan Ilmu Kelautan Universitas Brawijaya No. 3/UN10.F06/PP/2022

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