DOI: https://doi.org/10.14710/ijred.2021.33118

The CO2/CH4 Separation Potential of ZIF-8/Polysulfone Mixed Matrix Membranes at Elevated Particle Loading for Biogas Upgradation Process

Department of Chemical Engineering, Faculty of Engineering, University of Surabaya (UBAYA), Indonesia

Received: 26 Sep 2020; Revised: 16 Nov 2020; Accepted: 30 Nov 2020; Published: 1 May 2021; Available online: 5 Dec 2020.
Editor(s): H. Hadiyanto
Open Access Copyright (c) 2021 The Authors. Published by Centre of Biomass and Renewable Energy (CBIORE)
Creative Commons License This work is licensed under a Creative Commons Attribution-ShareAlike 4.0 International License.

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Abstract

Biogas is a renewable energy that has been explored widely in Indonesia to substitute non-renewable energy. However, the presence of certain gas, such as carbon dioxide (CO2), can decrease the calorific value and generate greenhouse gas. Hence, the separation of CO2 from methane (CH4) occurs as a crucial step to improve the utilization of biogas. The separation of CH4/CO2 can be conducted using a polymeric membrane that needs no chemical, hence considered as an environmentally friendly technique. However, the utilization of polymeric membrane in gas separation processes is hampered by the trade-off between gas throughput and selectivity. To solve this problem, the incorporation of inorganic particles, such as Zeolitic Imidazolate Framework-8 (ZIF-8) particles, into the polymer matrix to improve the gas separation performance of the membrane has been conducted recently. In this research, ZIF-8 has been incorporated into Polysulfone matrix to form ZIF-8/Polysulfone-based membrane by simple blending and phase inversion techniques in flat sheet configuration. The pure gas permeation tests showed an increase in gas permeability (26 Barrer compared to 17 Barrer) after the inclusion of ZIF-8 particles with a slight decrease in CO2/CH4selectivity for particle loading more than 15wt. %. Therefore, the membrane with 15wt. % of particles showed the best performance in terms of gas selectivity. This result was due to the aggregation of ZIF-8 particles at particle loading higher than 15wt. %. Chemical analysis indicated an interaction between filler and polymer, and there were increases in the degree of crystallinity after the incorporation of ZIF-8.

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Keywords: Biogas, biomethane, ZIF-8/Polysulfone, mixed matrix membranes, CO2/CH4 gas
Funding: The Ministry of Research and Higher Education of The Government of Indonesia under the scheme of National Research Competitive of Fundamental Research 2020 under contract No. 028/SP-Lit/LPPM-01/Ristek

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