DOI: https://doi.org/10.14710/ijred.2023.56569

Long-term performance of roof-top GCPV systems in central Viet Nam

1Hue Industrial College, Thua Thien Hue, Viet Nam

2School of Electrical and Electronic Engineering, Hanoi University of Science and Technology, Ha Noi, Viet Nam

3School of Engineering and Technology, Hue University, Thua Thien Hue, Viet Nam

4 Hanoi University of Mining and Geology, Ha Noi, Viet Nam

View all affiliations
Received: 18 Jul 2023; Revised: 24 Aug 2023; Accepted: 4 Sep 2023; Available online: 18 Sep 2023; Published: 1 Nov 2023.
Editor(s): H Hadiyanto
Open Access Copyright (c) 2023 The Author(s). Published by Centre of Biomass and Renewable Energy (CBIORE)
Creative Commons License This work is licensed under a Creative Commons Attribution-ShareAlike 4.0 International License.

Citation Format:
Abstract

In pursuit of the objective of achieving "net zero emissions," many countries worldwide, including Viet Nam, have prioritized the utilization of photovoltaic technology for energy conversion. Specifically, the implementation of roof-top grid-connected photovoltaic systems (GCPV) has emerged as a highly efficient solution in urban areas. These systems offer several advantages, such as minimizing land usage, lowering monthly electricity expenses, preventing building heat, generating income for households, and reducing transmission and distribution costs. This article focuses on a comprehensive long-term analysis conducted on 51 roof-top GCPV systems in the tropical monsoon climate of Hue City, Viet Nam, during the period from 2019 to 2023. The analysis findings reveal that roof-top GCPV systems with a capacity of 3-6 kW are well-suited for households in the central region of Viet Nam, characterized by a tropical monsoon climate. These systems exhibit an average sizing ratio of 1.03. The annual average daily final yield peaked at 3.28 kWh/kWp/day in 2021 and reached its lowest point at 2.97 kWh/kWp/day in 2022. Notably, the typical slope of the yield gradually increases with the installed capacity and the studied year. Furthermore, the monthly average daily final yield demonstrates a seasonal pattern, with higher yields observed from March to August and lower yields from September to January, aligning with the climate of the study area. As the years progress, the capacity factor and performance ratio of roof-top GCPV systems display a declining trend. Throughout the entire study period, these systems successfully mitigated 664 metric tons of CO2 emissions. The evaluation of long-term yield data offers valuable insights for photovoltaic installers, operators, and system owners, aiding in system maintenance and optimizing load utilization across different time periods. Long-term performance can be used by energy managers and owners of roof-top GCPV systems to identify supply shortfalls and initiate countermeasures.

Fulltext View|Download
Keywords: Long-Term performance; roof-top; photovoltaic; tropical monsoon

Article Metrics:

Article Info
Section: Original Research Article
Language : EN
Recent articles
Assessing the feasibility of gray, blue, and green ammonia productions in Indonesia: A techno-economic and environmental perspective Improving FTO/ZnO/In2S3/CuInS2/Mo solar cell efficiency by optimizing thickness and carrier concentrations of ZnO, In2S3 and CuInS2 thin films using Silvaco-Atlas Software Effect of the non-uniform combustion core shape on the biochar production characteristics of the household biomass gasifier stove Transition metal-based materials and their catalytic influence on MgH2 hydrogen storage: A review Retraction Notice to Control of Bidirectional DC-DC Converter for Micro-Energy Grid’s DC Feeders' Power Flow Application, IJRED 11(2), 533-546 More recent articles
Most cited articles
Economic Benefit and Greenhouse Gas Emission Reduction Potential of A Family-Scale Cowdung Anaerobic Biogas Digester Optimum Sizing Algorithm for An Off Grid Plant Considering Renewable Potentials and Load Profile Biofixation of Carbon dioxide by Chlamydomonas sp. in a Tubular Photobioreactor The characteristic changes of betung bamboo (Dendrocalamus asper) pretreated by fungal pretreatment Analysing the Possibility of Extracting Energy from Ocean Waves in Cabo-Verde to Produce Clean Electricity - Case-Study: the Leeward Islands More cited articles
  1. Anang, N., Azman, S. S. N., Muda, W., Dagang, A., & Daud, M. Z. (2021). Performance analysis of a grid-connected rooftop solar PV system in Kuala Terengganu, Malaysia. Energy Buildings, 111182. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.enbuild.2021.111182
  2. Awan, A. B., Alghassab, M., Zubair, M., Bhatti, A. R., Uzair, M., & Abbas, G. (2020). Comparative analysis of ground-mounted vs. rooftop photovoltaic systems optimized for interrow distance between parallel arrays. Energies, 13(14), 3639. https://doi.org/10.3390/en13143639
  3. Cuong, N. X., Hong, N. T., Tuan, D. A., & Nhu, Y. D. (2021) Performance Ratio Analysis Using Experimental Combining Historical Weather Data for Grid-Connected PV Systems. In K. Sattler, D. C. Nguyen, N. P. Vu, B. T. Long, & H. Puta (Eds.), Advances in Engineering Research and Application. ICERA 2020. Lecture Notes in Networks and Systems (Vol. 178): Springer, Cham
  4. Dang, T. N., Seposo, X. T., Duc, N. H. C., Thang, T. B., An, D. D., Hang, L. T. M., Long, T. T., Loan, B. T. H., & Honda, Y. (2016). Characterizing the relationship between temperature and mortality in tropical and subtropical cities: a distributed lag non-linear model analysis in Hue, Viet Nam, 2009–2013. Global health action, 9(1), 28738. https://doi.org/10.3402/gha.v9.28738
  5. Das, A., Saini, V., Parikh, K., Parikh, J., Ghosh, P., & Tot, M. (2023). Pathways to net zero emissions for the Indian power sector. Energy Strategy Reviews, 45, 101042. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.esr.2022.101042
  6. Department of climate change Vietnam. (2023). Legal documents. http://www.dcc.gov.vn/van-ban-phap-luat/. Accessed on 13/7/2023
  7. Dhimish, M., & Alrashidi, A. (2020). Photovoltaic degradation rate affected by different weather conditions: A case study based on pv systems in the uk and australia. Electronics, 9(4), 650. https://doi.org/10.3390/electronics9040650
  8. Dhimish, M., & Badran, G. (2023). Investigating defects and annual degradation in UK solar PV installations through thermographic and electroluminescent surveys. npj Materials Degradation, 7(1), 14. https://doi.org/10.1038/s41529-023-00331-y
  9. Duman, A. C., & Güler, Ö. (2020). Economic analysis of grid-connected residential rooftop PV systems in Turkey. Renewable Energy, 148, 697-711. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.renene.2019.10.157
  10. Farhoodnea, M., Mohamed, A., Khatib, T., & Elmenreich, W. (2015). Performance evaluation and characterization of a 3-kWp grid-connected photovoltaic system based on tropical field experimental results: new results and comparative study. Renewable Sustainable Energy Reviews, 42, 1047-1054. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.rser.2014.10.090
  11. Government of Vietnam. (2015) Decision 2068/QD-TTg of Approving the Viet Nam’s Renewable Energy Development Strategy up to 2030 with an outlook to 2050. Prime Minister
  12. Government of Vietnam. (2017) Decision 11/2017/QD-TTg on Mechanism for Encouragement of the Development of Solar Power Projects in Vietnam. Prime Minister
  13. Government of Vietnam. (2020) Decision 13/2020/QĐ-TTg on Mechanisms to Promote the Development of Solar Power Projects in Viet Nam. Prime Minister
  14. Gromaire, M., & te Heesen, H. (2015). Survey on Specific Yield of Photovoltaic Systems in France 2014. In 31st European Photovoltaic Solar Energy Conference and Exhibition. Hamburg
  15. Gulkowski, S. (2022). Specific Yield Analysis of the Rooftop PV Systems Located in South-Eastern Poland. Energies, 15(10), 3666. https://doi.org/10.3390/en15103666
  16. Ha-Duong, M. (2023) Vietnam's Power Development Plan 8 (PDP8): A bold step towards a net-zero future. https://ideas.repec.org/p/hal/journl/hal-04108991.html
  17. Haffaf, A., Lakdja, F., Abdeslam, D. O., & Meziane, R. (2021). Monitoring, measured and simulated performance analysis of a 2.4 kWp grid-connected PV system installed on the Mulhouse campus, France. Energy for Sustainable Development, 62, 44-55. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.esd.2021.03.006
  18. Hafner, S., Jones, A., & Anger-Kraavi, A. (2021). Economic impacts of achieving a net-zero emissions target in the power sector. Journal of Cleaner Production, 312, 127610. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.jclepro.2021.127610
  19. Ibrik, I. H. (2020). Techno-economic assessment of on-grid solar PV system in Palestine. Cogent Engineering, 7(1), 1727131. https://doi.org/10.1080/23311916.2020.1727131
  20. IEC. (2016) IEC TS 61724-3 Photovoltaic system performance – Part 3: Energy evaluation method: International Electrotechnical Commission
  21. IEC. (2017) IEC 61724-1 International Standard. Photovoltaic System Performance. Part 1: Monitoring: International Electrotechnical Commission
  22. IRENA. (2023) Renewable energy statistics 2023. International Renewable Energy Agency, Abu Dhabi
  23. Ky, H. V. M., Hieu, T. T., & Hieu, N. H. (2021). Potential and Barriers to the Evolution of Rooftop Solar in Central VietNam. In 2021 IEEE Madrid PowerTech
  24. Leloux, J., Narvarte Fernández, L., & Trebosc, D. (2011). Performance analysis of 10,000 residential PV systems in France and Belgium. In 26th European Photovoltaic Solar Energy Conference and Exhibition
  25. Lindig, S., Ascencio-Vasquez, J., Leloux, J., Moser, D., & Reinders, A. (2021). Performance analysis and degradation of a large fleet of PV systems. IEEE Journal of photovoltaics, 11(5), 1312-1318. https://doi.org/10.1109/JPHOTOV.2021.3093049
  26. Ngo, X. C., & Do, N. Y. (2022). A comparative study on the performance of rooftop grid-connected photovoltaic systems under tropical monsoon climate in Vietnam. AIP Conf. Proc. 2534, 020005. https://doi.org/10.1063/5.0105151
  27. Ngo, X. C., Nguyen, T. H., & Do, N. Y. (2022). A Comprehensive Assessment of a Rooftop Grid-Connected Photovoltaic System: A Case Study for Central Vietnam. International Energy Journal, 22(1). http://www.rericjournal.ait.ac.th/index.php/reric/article/view/2696
  28. Ngo, X. C., Nguyen, T. H., Do, N. Y., Nguyen, D. M., Vo, D.-V. N., Lam, S. S., Heo, D., Shokouhimehr, M., Nguyen, V.-H., Varma, R. S., Kim, S. Y., & Le, Q. V. (2020). Grid-connected photovoltaic systems with single-axis sun tracker: case study for Central Vietnam. Energies, 13(6), 1457. https://doi.org/10.3390/en13061457
  29. Nguyen, T. B., & Van, P. H. (2021). Design, Simulation and Economic Analysis of A Rooftop Solar PV System in Vietnam. EAI Endorsed Transactions on Energy Web, e19. https://doi.org/10.4108/eai.27-1-2021.168504
  30. Nordmann, T., Luzi, C., & Mike, G. (2014) Analysis of Long-Term Performance of PV Systems. Different Data Resolution for Different Purposes. https://iea-pvps.org/wp-content/uploads/2020/01/IEA_PVPS_T13_ST1_Final_02_2015-2.pdf
  31. Nugroho, W., & Sudiarto, B. (2021). Performance evaluation of 5 MW Solar PV Power Plant in Kupang. IOP Conf. Ser.: Mater. Sci. Eng. 1098 042069. https://doi.org/10.1088/1757-899X/1098/4/042069
  32. Olabi, A., & Abdelkareem, M. A. (2022). Renewable energy and climate change. Renewable Sustainable Energy Reviews, 158, 112111. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.rser.2022.112111
  33. Riva Sanseverino, E., Le Thi Thuy, H., Pham, M.-H., Di Silvestre, M. L., Nguyen Quang, N., & Favuzza, S. (2020). Review of potential and actual penetration of solar power in Vietnam. Energies, 13(10), 2529. https://doi.org/10.3390/en13102529
  34. Saleheen, M. Z., Salema, A. A., Islam, S. M. M., Sarimuthu, C. R., & Hasan, M. Z. (2021). A target-oriented performance assessment and model development of a grid-connected solar PV (GCPV) system for a commercial building in Malaysia. Renewable Energy, 171, 371-382. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.renene.2021.02.108
  35. Sangwongwanich, A., Yang, Y., Sera, D., Blaabjerg, F., & Zhou, D. (2018). On the impacts of PV array sizing on the inverter reliability and lifetime. IEEE transactions on industry applications, 54(4), 3656-3667. https://doi.org/10.1109/TIA.2018.2825955
  36. Solcast. (1/7/2023). Solar Irradiance Data. https://solcast.com.au. Accessed on 1/7/2023
  37. te Heesen, H., Herbort, V., & Rumpler, M. (2017). Survey on Yield of PV Systems in Germany 2014 to 2016 “. In 33rd European Photovoltaic Solar Energy Conference and Exhibition. Amsterdam
  38. te Heesen, H., Herbort, V., & Rumpler, M. (2019). Performance of roof-top PV systems in Germany from 2012 to 2018. Solar Energy, 194, 128-135. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.solener.2019.10.019
  39. Thua Thien Hue Electricity Company. (2021). Summary of list of rooftop solar power systems. https://docs.google.com/spreadsheets/d/10B8J5NO1yKO-kUwuLpYNEvg52cNkrVZle5Lj6cdrMZs/edit#gid=128765927. Accessed on 11/7/2023
  40. Touati, F., Chowdhury, N. A., Benhmed, K., Gonzales, A. J. S. P., Al-Hitmi, M. A., Benammar, M., Gastli, A., & Ben-Brahim, L. (2017). Long-term performance analysis and power prediction of PV technology in the State of Qatar. Renewable Energy, 113, 952-965. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.renene.2017.06.078
  41. Tsafarakis, O., Moraitis, P., Kausika, B. B., Van Der Velde, H., ’t Hart, S., de Vries, A., de Rijk, P., De Jong, M. M., van Leeuwen, H. P., & Van Sark, W. (2017). Three years experience in a Dutch public awareness campaign on photovoltaic system performance. IET Renewable Power Generation, 11(10), 1229-1233. https://doi.org/10.1049/iet-rpg.2016.1037

Last update:

  1. Long-Term Energy Yield Analysis of the Rooftop PV System in Climate Conditions of Poland

    Slawomir Gulkowski, Ewelina Krawczak. Sustainability, 16 (8), 2024. doi: 10.3390/su16083348

Last update: 2024-11-20 18:28:23

No citation recorded.