skip to main content

Alternative Criminal Punishments for the Settlement of Misdemeanor in a Social Justice Perspective

*Rizkan Zulyadi orcid scopus  -  Faculty of Law, Universitas Medan Area, Indonesia
Mohammad Belayet Hossain orcid scopus  -  School of Law, Universiti Utara Malaysia, Malaysia
Open Access Copyright 2022 LAW REFORM under http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-sa/4.0.

Citation Format:
Abstract

The national law has a clear vision to realize a just and democratic rule of law. Criminal legal system serves to protect the interests of the society and the nation. Criminal law enforcement nowadays is no longer directed at enforcing crimes, but also to cope with humanitarian interest in criminal actions, especially when it has to defend against misdemeanor. This paper aims to analyze the current dynamics in how Indonesian criminal law contextualize its existence in facing misdemeanor. By using juridical and normative approach with descriptive analytical technique, the results showed inadaptability of criminal law with misdemeanor cases. The results highlight that as a complex part of socio-economic and legal problem, misdemeanor is dynamically challenging legal system and criminalization. This study demonstrated the need for alternative penalties for minor crimes as an integral part of reforming the Indonesian Criminal Code. More specifically, this study shows several requirements that need to be met in the legalization of alternative criminal penalties for minor crimes. In addition, alternative punishments can provide benefits to the community, such as involving criminals in community service and unpaid work. The recommendations are pointed out regarding the application of alternative criminal penalties for minor crimes.

Fulltext View|Download
Keywords: Alternative Punishment; Criminal Law; Social Justice; Misdemeanor.

Article Metrics:

  1. Aedi, Ahmad U. (2019). Penyelesaian tindak pidana ringan melalui kearifan lokal dalam pembangunan sistem hukum nasional. Jurnal Rechts Vinding: Media Pembinaan Hukum Nasional,Vol.8,(No.1)pp.113-126. http://dx.doi. org/10.33331/rechtsvinding.v8i1.307
  2. Ali, M. (2018). Overcriminalization dalam Perundang-Undangan di Indonesia. Jurnal Hukum Ius Quia Iustum, Vol.25, (no.3),pp.450-471. https://doi.org/10.20885/iustum.vol25.iss3. art2
  3. Angrayni, L. (2016). Kebijakan Mediasi Penal Dalam Penyelesaian Perkara Tindak Pidana Ringan Perspektif Restorative Justice. Jurnal Hukum Respublica, Vol.16,(No.1),pp.88-102. https://doi.org/10.31849/respublica.v16i1.1428
  4. Armia, Muhammad S. (2019). Public Caning: Should it Be Maintained or Eliminated?(A Reflection of Implementation Sharia Law in Indonesia). QIJIS (Qudus International Journal of Islamic Studies), Vol.7, (No.2),pp.301-328. http://dx.doi.org/10.21043/qijis.v7i2.4974
  5. Belloni, Roberto., & Ramović, Jasmin. (2020). Elite and everyday social contracts in Bosnia and Herzegovina: Pathways to forging a national social contract?. Journal of Intervention and Statebuilding,Vol.14,(No.1),pp.42-63. https:// doi.org/10.1080/17502977.2019.1579160
  6. Bero, Stephen., & Sarch, Alex. (2020). The Problem of Over-Inclusive Offenses: A Closer Look at Duff on Legal Moralism and Mala Prohibita. Criminal Law and Philosophy, Vol.14, (No.3),pp.395-416. https://doi.org/10.1007/s11572-020-09538-5
  7. Beyens, K. (2010). From ‘community service’to ‘autonomous work penalty’in Belgium. What’s in a name?. European Journal of Probation, Vol.2, (No.1),pp.4-21. https://doi.org/10.1177%2F2066 22031000200102
  8. Patricia, Faraldo C. (2020). Paying off a fine by working outside prison: On the origins and diffusion of community service. European Journal of Criminology, Vol.17, (No.5),pp.628-646. https://doi.org/10.1177%2F14773708188 19691
  9. Hosenfeld, Leo G. (2014). Criminal Intent Generally and as Applied to Crimes Mala in Se and Crimes Mala Prohibita. St. John's Law Review, Vol.6, (No.1),pp.137-142. https://scholarship.law.stjohns.edu/cgi/viewcontent.cgi?article=6240&context=lawreview
  10. Hutahaean, B. (2013). Penerapan sanksi pidana bagi pelaku tindak pidana anak. Jurnal Yudisial, Vol.6,(No.1),pp.64-79. https://jurnal.ko misiyudisial.go.id/index.php/jy/article/view/119
  11. Irfan, Mohammad., & Israfil. (2017). Baja Bima Customary Sanctions as Alternative Policy of Corruption Actors in Bima Regency West Nusa Tenggara. Unram Law Review, Vol.1, (No.1),pp.41-60. https://doi.org/10.29303/ulrev. v1i1.10
  12. Jaya, Nyoman Serikat P. (2016). Hukum (Sanksi) Pidana Adat Dalam Pembaharuan Hukum Pidana Nasional. Masalah-Masalah Hukum, Vol.45,(No.2),pp.123-130. https://doi.org/10.147 10/mmh.45.2.2016.123-130
  13. Killias, Martin., Gilliéron, Gwladys., Kissling, Izumi., & Villettaz, Patrice. (2010). Community service versus electronic monitoring—What works better?: Results of a randomized trial. The British Journal of Criminology, Vol.50, (No.6),pp.1155-1170. https://doi.org/10.1093/ bjc/azq050
  14. Kohler-Hausmann, Issa. (2013). Misdemeanor justice: Control without conviction. American Journal of Sociology, Vol.119,(No.2),pp.351-393. https://doi.org/10.1086/674743
  15. Lee, Y. (2022). Mala Prohibita, the Wrongfulness Constraint, and the Problem of Overcriminalization. Law and Philosophy, Vol.41,(No.1),pp.1-22. https://doi.org/10.1007/ s10982-022-09443-z
  16. Lilja, P. (2018). Defending a common world: Hannah Arendt on the state, the nation and political education. Studies in Philosophy and Education, Vol.37,(No.6),pp.537-552. https://doi.org/10.1007/s11217-018-9618-3
  17. McIvor, G. (2010). Paying back: 30 years of unpaid work by offenders in Scotland. European Journal of Probation, Vol.2,(No.1),pp.41-61. https://doi.org/10.1177%2F206622031000200104
  18. Muhaimin. (2019). Restoratif Justice Dalam Penyelesaian Tindak Pidana Ringan. Jurnal Penelitian Hukum De Jure, Vol.19, (No.2), pp.185-206. http://dx.doi.org/10.30641/dejure. 2019.V19.185-206
  19. Mulyani, S. (2017). Penyelesaian Perkara Tindak Pidana Ringan Menurut Undang-Undang Dalam Perspektif Restoratif Justice (Adjudication Of Misdemeanor Based On Legislation In Current Perspectives). Jurnal Penelitian Hukum De Jure, Vol.16,(No.3),pp.337-351. http://dx.doi. org/10.30641/dejure.2016.V16.337-351
  20. Natapoff, A. (2015). Misdemeanor Decriminalization. Vanderbilt Law Review, Vol.68,(No.4)pp.1055-1116. https://scholarship.law.vanderbilt.edu/vlr/ vol68/iss4/2/
  21. Nurbaiti., Wahyuni., Rizki, Makbull., & Nisa, Haiyun. (2019). Pandangan Masyarakat terhadap Pelaksanaan Hukuman Cambuk di Aceh. Indigenous: Jurnal Ilmiah Psikologi, Vol.4, (No.2),pp.96-104. https://doi.org/10.23917/indi genous.v4i2.6482
  22. Nurozi, Ahmad., & Muttaqien, Dadan. (2021). The Effectiveness of Crime Prevention With Corporal Punishment in Nanggroe Aceh Darussalam. Millah: Jurnal Studi Agama, Vol.20, (No.2), pp.223-244. https://doi. org/10.20885/millah.vol20.iss2.art2
  23. Pradityo, Rendy. (2018). Menuju Pembaharuan Hukum Pidana Indonesia: Suatu Tinjauan Singkat. Jurnal Legislasi Indonesia, Vol.14, (No.2),pp.137-143. https://doi.org/10.54629/jli. v14i2.92
  24. Rahmawati, Nur A. (2013). Hukum Pidana Indonesia: Ultimum Remedium Atau Primum Remedium. Jurnal Hukum Pidana dan penanggulangan Kejahatan, Vol.2,(No.1),pp.39-44. https://jurnal.uns.ac.id/recidive/article/view/ 32002
  25. Safrijal, A. (2013). Penerapan Sanksi Adat dalam Penyelesaian Perkara Pidana di Kabupaten Nagan Raya. Kanun Jurnal Ilmu Hukum, Vol.15, (No.1),pp.145-162. http://e-repository.unsyiah. ac.id/kanun/article/view/6165
  26. Slat, Teafani K. (2020). Sanksi Pidana Kerja Sosial Terhadap Tindak Pidana Ringan Sebagai Upaya Pembaharuan Hukum Pidana Nasional. Jurnal Ilmiah Pendidikan Pancasila dan Kewarganegaraan, Vol.4,(No.2)pp. 352-360. http://dx.doi.org/10.17977/um019v4i2p352-360
  27. Solar, A. (2012). Hakikat dan Prosedur Pemeriksaan Tindak Pidana Ringan. Lex Crimen, Vol.1, (No.1),pp.48-59. https://ejournal.unsrat.ac.id/ index.php/lexcrimen/article/view/347
  28. Syaputra, M. Yusrizal Adi. (2008). Penafsiran Hukum oleh Hakim Mahkamah Konstitusi. Jurnal Mercatoria,Vol.1,(No.2),pp.115-129. https://ojs. uma.ac.id/index.php/mercatoria/article/view/620
  29. Syaufi, Ahmad., & Zahra, Aurora Fatimatuz. (2021). The Existence of Customary Law: Badamai Customary Law. Research Horizon, Vol.1, (No.3), pp.94-99. https://doi.org/10.54518/rh.1. 3.2021.94-99
  30. Upara, Abdul R. (2014). Penerapan Sanksi Pidana Adat Terhadap Pelaku Tindak Pidana Zina Di Tinjau Dari Hukum Pidana Adat Dan Hukum Pidana Nasional Pada Masyarakat Adat Tobati di Jayapura. Legal Pluralism: Journal of Law Science, Vol.4, (No.2), pp.143-164. http://jurnal.uniyap.ac.id/jurnal/index.php/Hukum/article/view/97
  31. Wulandari, C. (2020). Kebijakan Kriminal Non Penal Dengan Techno Prevention (Analisis Pencegahan Konten Negatif melalui Internet). Pandecta Research Law Journal, Vol.15,(No.2),pp.228-241. https://doi.org/10.15294/pandecta.v15i2.23650
  32. Kadish, Sanford H., Schulhofer Stephen J.., & Barkow, Rachel E. (2016). Criminal law and its processes: Cases and materials. New York: Wolters Kluwer
  33. Kahan, Dan M. (2019). What’s really wrong with shaming sanctions. In Thom Brooks (ed.) Shame Punishment (pp. 497-517). London: Routledge
  34. Kelsen, Hans. (2011). Teori Umum Tentang Hukum Dan Negara, Trans. Raisul Muttaqien, Nurainun Mangunsong (Ed.), (6th ed.). Bandung: Penerbit Nusa Media
  35. Maroni. (2016). Buku Ajar Bagian Umum Pengantar Politik Hukum Pidana. Bandar Lampung: Anugrah Utama Raharja
  36. Moeljatno. (2002). Asas-asas Hukum Pidana. Jakarta: Rineka Cipta
  37. Nawawi, H. (2010). Metode Penelitian Sosial. Surabaya: Laksbang Grafika
  38. Soemadiningrat, Otje S. (2002). Rekonseptualisasi Hukum Adat Kontemporer. Bandung: Alumni
  39. Soesilo, R. (1994). Kitab Undang-undang Hukum Pidana (KUHP) Serta Komentar-Komentarnya Lengkap Pasal Demi Pasal. Bogor: Politeia
  40. Sofyan, Andi., & Azisa, Nur. (2016). Buku Ajar Hukum Pidana. Makassar: Pustaka Pena Press
  41. Supreme Court of the Republic of Indonesia. (2020). Jumlah Tindak Pidana. Jakarta: Direktori Putusan Mahkamah Agung Republik Indonesia
  42. Syamsuddin, Aziz. (2013). Proses dan Teknik Penyusunan Undang-Undang, 2nd ed. Jakarta: Sinar Grafika
  43. Sutrasno, S. Andi. (2019). Reconstruction Of Misdemeanor Settlement Based On Pancasila Value. Anual Program of International Conference: Legal Reconstruction in Indonesia Based on Human Right. http://jurnal.unissula. ac.id/index.php/apic/article/view/7822
  44. Pradana, Hasyimi., Rachmaniar, Adelia., Supriyadi, Aditya Prastian., & Mustriadi, Aris. (2020). Reforming the Indonesian Penal System for Misdemeanor Cases. In International Conference on Law Studies (INCOLS), Vol.1,(No.1),pp.94-101. https://conference.upnvj.ac.id/index.php/icols/article/view/1495

Last update:

  1. Implementing of Restorative Justice to Build the Criminal Justice System in Indonesia: A Study of the Batak Toba Justice System

    Nur Rochaeti, Mujiono Hafidh Prasetyo, Ji Hyun Park. LAW REFORM, 19 (2), 2023. doi: 10.14710/lr.v19i2.53184

Last update: 2024-11-04 12:35:15

No citation recorded.