DOI: https://doi.org/10.14710/jai.v0i0.47064

Pengaruh Jenis Kelamin, Usia, dan Data Antropometrik terhadap Landmark Blok Popliteal

Departemen Anestesiologi dan Terapi Intensif, Fakultas Kedokteran, Universitas Indonesia/ RSUP Nasional Cipto Mangunkusumo, Jakarta, Indonesia

Published: 30 Nov 2022.
Open Access Copyright 2021 JAI (Jurnal Anestesiologi Indonesia)

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Abstract

Latar Belakang: Teknik blok popliteal menggunakan stimulator saraf masih menjadi pilihan di Indonesia. Keberhasilan blok meningkat jika pengetahuan dan pemahaman landmark anatomi baik. Landmark anatomi berupa jarak titik percabangan saraf skiatik terhadap lipatan fossa popliteal dan kedalaman titik tersebut dari kulit. Perbedaan landmark anatomi dapat terjadi karena perbedaan ukuran tulang panjang dan massa otot. Penelitian ini bertujuan mengetahui pengaruh jenis kelamin, usia, dan data antropometri terhadap landmark blok popliteal dengan menggunakan panduan ultrasonografi (USG).

Metode: Penelitian bersifat analitik observasional dengan rancangan potong lintang. Penelitian dilaksanakan di RSUPN Cipto Mangunkusumo Jakarta setelah mendapatkan izin dari komite etik. Usaha mencari gambaran percabangan saraf skiatik pada tungkai kanan dan kiri menggunakan USG dua dimensi dilakukan pada 107 pasien yang akan menjalani operasi bedah terencana di Instalasi Bedah Terpadu. Data yang diperoleh dianalisis melalui Statistical Program for Social Science (SPSS) untuk mengetahui hubungan dan pengaruh antara jenis kelamin, usia tinggi badan, berat badan dan indeks massa tubuh (IMT) terhadap landmark blok popliteal serta memperoleh formula prediksi landmark blok popliteal.

Hasil: Pada penelitian ini diperoleh hubungan bermakna jenis kelamin, tinggi badan terhadap jarak percabangan saraf skiatik ke lipatan fossa popliteal dan hubungan bermakna berat badan, IMT terhadap jarak percabangan saraf skiatik pada permukaan kulit dengan nilai p <0,005. Tinggi badan (TB) dominan berpengaruh terhadap jarak percabangan saraf skiatik dari lipatan fossa popliteal (adjusted R2 38,8% dan 32,4%) sedangkan berat badan dominan terhadap jarak percabangan saraf skiatik ke permukaan kulit (adjusted R2 22,5% dan 24,7%). Formula prediksi jarak percabangan skiatik dari lipatan fossa popliteal (cm) pada tungkai kanan12,548 + 0,133 x (TB dalam cm) dan tungkai kiri -6,549 + 0,091 x (TB dalam cm) + 0,63 x jenis kelamin. Formula prediksi jarak percabangan skiatik ke kulit pada tungkai kanan 0,277 + 0,288 x (BB dalam kg) dan tungkai kiri 0,319 + 0,028 x (BB dalam kg).

Kesimpulan: Terdapat pengaruh jenis kelamin dan data antropometrik terhadap landmark blok popliteal.

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Keywords: antropometrik; blok popliteal; blok saraf; fossa popliteal; saraf skiatik

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Language : ID
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