DOI: https://doi.org/10.14710/lr.v19i2.53734

Indonesia Government Sets Back: The Rule Of Law, Collaborative Governance And Human Right Challenges During Covid-19

*Hardi Warsono orcid scopus publons  -  Department of Public Administration, Faculty of Social and Political Sciences, Universitas Diponegoro, Indonesia
Anita Amaliyah  -  Department of Communication Study, Faculty of Social and Political Sciences, Universitas Tidar, Indonesia
Ika Riswanti Putranti  -  Department of International relations, Faculty of Social and Political Sciences, Universitas Diponegoro, Indonesia
Aniello Iannone  -  Università Di Napoli L'Orientale, Italy
Open Access Copyright 2023 LAW REFORM under http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-sa/4.0.

Citation Format:
Abstract

The COVID-19 pandemic has taken mankind by surprise and has caused many governments to impose various rules and strategies to contain it. This article discusses the social impact of government policies during COVID-19, the role of agencies other than the government, and the importance of human rights. Collaborative Governance regime and theory are used to complement qualitative methods and for quantitative method, data collection techniques based on literature research, institutional reports, survey results from journals, online media, and print media, as well as the input of experts in focus group discussions. We found that 1) inconsistencies in policy; 2) lack of coordination and leadership; 3) trust issues; and (4) inequalities and injustice performances increased the pressure on social compliance. Our results indicate that the government needs to be more agile to accommodate, nurture and integrate social actors as governance partners in order to ensure its efficacy, resilience and compliance during this pandemic. The government  needs to ensure that an inclusive approach is adopted in multi-dimensional channels so none is left behind and the collaborative governance framework in this pandemic war needs to be improved and implemented. In addition,the government should ensure equal treatment of human rights as specially in human safety in health and safety measures.

Note: This article has supplementary file(s).

Fulltext View|Download |  common.other
Indonesia Government Sets Back: The Rule Of Law, Collaborative Governance And Human Right Challenges During Covid-19
Subject
Type Other
  Download (478KB)    Indexing metadata
 common.other
PROFREAD
Subject
Type Other
  Download (177KB)    Indexing metadata
Keywords: COVID-19; Pandemic; Collaborative Governance; Human Right; Rule of Law; Society Resilience
Funding: Universitas Diponegoro under contract Mu123456

Article Metrics:

Article Info
Section: Research Article
Language : EN
Recent articles
Implementing of Restorative Justice to Build the Criminal Justice System in Indonesia: A Study of the Batak Toba Justice System Assessing the Legality of Autonomous Weapon Systems: An In-depth Examination of International Humanitarian Law Principles Implications Of Illegal Community Mining For Economic Development In Bangka Regency, Indonesia Legal Policy on the Use of Heir Certificates (SKAW) for Registration of Land Rights Transfers in Indonesia Preventive and Evaluative Mechanism Analysis on Regulatory and Legislation Reform in Indonesia More recent articles
Most cited articles
COUNTER TERRORISM BAGI PELAKU TINDAK PIDANA TERORISME SEBAGAI UPAYA PENANGGULANGAN KEJAHATAN TERORISME DI INDONESIA GLOBALISASI LESBIAN, GAY, BISEKSUAL, DAN TRANSGENDER (LGBT): PERSPEKTIF HAM DAN AGAMA DALAM LINGKUP HUKUM DI INDONESIA PENDIDIKAN HUKUM SEBAGAI PENDIDIKAN MANUSIA PRIVATISASI BADAN USAHA MILIK NEGARA URGENSI REKONSTRUKSI HUKUM E-COMMERCE DI INDONESIA More cited articles
  1. Abbasi, Kamran. (2020). COVID-19: state failure is our misery and their jackpot. Journal of the Royal Society of Medicine, Vol.113, (No.11), pp.419–420. https://doi.org/10. 1177/0141076820972325
  2. Adinugroho, Indro., & Simanjuntak, Ruth Regina. (2021). Political trust on Covid-19 handling as predictor towards optimism on new normal situation: Integrity and benevolence rather than competence. Jurnal Psikologi Sosial,Vol.19,(No.2),p.12. https://doi.org/10.7454/jps.2020.xx
  3. Ahsan, Retno Dewi Pramodia., Mulyani, Sri., Wulandari, Catur., & Saputri, Lorenza Bunga Ayu. (2022). Collaborative Governance Model During COVID-19: Towards Sustainable Tourism in Yogyakarta. KnE Social Sciences; The 3rd International Conference on Governance, Public Administration, and Social Science (ICoGPASS),pp.749-768. https://doi.org/10.18502/kss.v7i9.10977
  4. Al-Fatih, Sholahuddin., Kurniawan, Wahyudi., Cahyani, Tinuk Dwi., & Esfandiari, Fitria. (2022). The Power of Ministerial Regulation in Handling COVID-19 in Indonesia. KnE Social Sciences; 3rd International Conference on Law Reform (3rdINCLAR),pp.334-340. DOI: 10.18502/kss.v7i15.12104
  5. Aminah, Siti., Sipahutar, Hotnier., Hs, Tono., Josepa., Apriani, Tini., Maemunah, Siti., Hartopo, Agustinus., & Ismail, Muhamad. (2021). The Barriers of Policy Implementation of Handling Covid-19 Pandemic in Indonesia. European Journal of Molecular and Clinical Medicine, Vol. 8,(No.1),pp.1222-124. https://ejmcm.com/ issue-content/the-barriers-of-policy-implementation-of-handling-covid-19-pandemic-in-indonesia-2429
  6. Amsler, Lisa Blomgren. (2016). Collaborative Governance: Integrating Management, Politics, and Law: Public Administration and The Disciplines. Public Administration Review,Vol.76,(No.5). https://doi.org/10.1111/puar.12605
  7. Ansell, Christhoper., Doberstein, Carey., Henderson, Hayley., Siddiki, Saba., & Hart, Paul’t. (2020). Understanding inclusion in collaborative governance: a mixed methods approach. Policy and Society, Vol.39, (No.4),pp.570–591. https://doi.org/10.1080/ 14494035.2020.1785726
  8. Ansell, CHris., & Gash, Alison. (2008). Collaborative governance in theory and practice. Journal of Public Administration Research and Theory, Vol.18, (No.4), pp.543–571. https://doi.org/10.1093/jopart/ mum032
  9. Ansell,Chris., & Gash, Alison. (2018). Collaborative platforms as a governance strategy. Journal of Public Administration Research and Theory, Vol.28, (No.1), pp.16-32. https://doi.org/10.1093/jopart/mu x030
  10. Assefa, Yibeltal., Woldeyohannes, Solomon., Cullerton, Katherine., Gilks, Charles F., Reid, Simon., & Van Damme, Wim. (2022). Attributes of national governance for an effective response to public health emergencies: Lessons from the response to the COVID-19 pandemic. Journal of Global Health, Vol.12. https://doi.org/10. 7189/jogh.12.05021
  11. Ayunda, R. (2022). Personal Data Protection to E-Commerce Consumer: What Are the Legal Challenges and Certainties?. Law Reform, Vol.18,(No.2),pp.144-163. https://doi.org/10.14710/lr.v18i2.43307
  12. Bergkamp, L. (2020). State liability for failure to control the covid-19 epidemic: International and Dutch law. European Journal of Risk Regulation,Vol.11,(No.2),pp.343–349. https://doi.org/10.1017/err.2020.21
  13. Corao, Carlos Ayala. (2020). Challenges that the Covid-19 Pandemic Poses to the Rule of Law, Democracy, and Human Rights. Max Planck Institute for Comparative Public Law & International Law (MPIL) Research Paper No. 2020-23. http://dx.doi.org/10.21 39/ssrn.3638158
  14. Criado, J. Ignacio., & Guevara-Gómez, Ariana. (2021). Public sector, open innovation, and collaborative governance in lockdown times. A research of Spanish cases during the COVID-19 crisis. Transforming Government: People, Process and Policy, Vol.15,(No.4),pp.612–626. https://doi.org/10.1108/TG-08-2020-0242
  15. Djalante, Riyanti., Lassa, Jonatan., Setiamarga, Davin., Sudjatma, Aruminingsih., Indrawan, Mochamad., Haryanto, Budi., Mahfud, Choirul., Sinapoy, Muhammad Sabaruddin., Djalante, Susanti., Rafliana, Irina., Gunawan, Laku Adi., Surtiari, Gusti Ayu Ketut., & Warsilah, Henny. (2020). Review and analysis of current responses to COVID-19 in Indonesia: Period of January to March 2020. Progress in Disaster Science, Vol.6, April 2020. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.pdisas. 2020.100091
  16. Emerson, Kirk., Nabatchi, Tina., & Balogh, Stephen. (2012). An integrative framework for collaborative governance. Journal of Public Administration Research and Theory,Vol.22,(No.1),pp.1–29. https://doi.org/10.1093/jopart/mur011
  17. Fukuyama, F. (2014). States and Democracy. Democratization,Vol.21,(No.7),pp.1326–1340. https://doi.org/10.1080/13510347.2014.960208
  18. Mustamu, Julista., & Bakarbessy, Andres D. (2020). "Optimizing Health Protocol Enforcement during the Covid-19 Pandemic. Law Reform, Vol.16, (No.2), pp.243-263. https://doi.org/10.14710/lr.v16 i2.33775
  19. Kaufmann, Daniel., Kraay, Aart., & Mastruzzi, Massimo. (2011). The Worldwide Governance Indicators: Methodology and analytical issues. Hague Journal on the Rule of Law,Vol.3,(No.2),pp.220–246. https ://doi.org/10.1017/S1876404511200046
  20. Listyadewi, Shita., & Setiyaningsih, Hermawati. (2020). Peran sektor swasta dalam respon terhadap covid-19: studi kasus di yogyakarta. Jurnal Kebijakan Kesehatan Indonesia,Vol.09,(No.04),pp.218–224. https://doi.org/10.22146/jkki.61674
  21. Liu, Zhilin., Lin, Sainan., Lu, Tingting., Shen, Yue., & Liang, Sisi. (2022). Towards a constructed order of co-governance: Understanding the state–society dynamics of neighbourhood collaborative responses to COVID-19 in urban China. Urban Studies,Vol.60,(No.9),pp.1730-1749. https ://doi.org/10.1177/00420980221081314
  22. Ostrom, E. (2000). Collective action and the evolution of social norms. Journal of Economic Perspectives, Vol.14, (No.3), pp.137–158. https://doi.org/10.1257/jep.14. 3.137
  23. Power, K. (2020). The COVID-19 pandemic has increased the care burden of women and families. Sustainability: Science, Practice, and Policy, Vol.16, (No.1), pp.67–73. https://doi.org/10.1080/15487733.2020.1776561
  24. Prabowo, Ardian., Muluk, Mujibur Rahman Khairul., & Hayat, Ainul. (2021). Model Collaborative Governance Dalam Pembangunan Desa Pada Masa Covid-19: Studi di Kabupaten Lampung Selatan. Publisia: Jurnal Ilmu Administrasi Publik, Vol.6,(No.1),pp.15–31. https://doi.org/10.26905/pjiap.v6i1.5393
  25. Pratiwi, Fadhila Inas., & Salamah, Lilik. (2020). Italy on COVID-19: Response and Strategy. Jurnal Global & Strategis, Vol.14, (No.2),p.389. https://doi.org/10.20473/jgs. 14.2.2020.389-402
  26. Principe, Michael L. (2000). Albert Venn Dicey and the Principles of the Rule of Law: Is Justice Blind? A Comparative Analysis of the United States and Great Britain. Loyola of Los Angeles International & Comparative Review, Vol.22, (No.3). https://digital commons.lmu.edu/ilr/vol22/iss3/2/
  27. Ridwan., Jaya, Belardo Prasetya Mega., & Imani, Sarah Haderizqi. (2022). The Implementation of General Principles of Convention on The Rights of The Child During Covid-19 Pandemic in The City of Serang. Law Reform, Vol.18, (No.1), pp. 16-27. https://doi.org/10.14710/lr.v18i1. 44643
  28. Rofingi., Rozah, Umi., & Asga, Adifyan Rahmat. (2022). Problems of Law Enforcement in Realizing The Principle of Equality Before The Law in Inonesia. Law Reform, Vol.18,(No.2),pp.222-237. https://doi.org/10.14710/lr.v18i2.47477
  29. Sekalala, S. (2021, February 8). The Value of Human Rights for Vaccine Prioritization at the National Level. Health and Human Right Journal. https://www.hhrjournal.org/ 2021/02/the-value-of-human-rights-for-vaccine-prioritization-at-the-national-level/
  30. Silakarma, Gusti Ayu Meisa Kurnia D. (2020). United Kingdom Effort to Combat COVID-19: Learn-to-reflect Policy. Jurnal Global & Strategis,Vol.14,(No.2),p.349. https://doi.org/10.20473/jgs.14.2.2020.349-372
  31. Stein, R. (2009). Rule of Law : What Does It Mean. Minnesota Journal of International Law, Vol.18, (No.2), p.293. https://scholarship.law.umn.edu/faculty_articles/424
  32. Titahelu, J. (2022). Legal Liability for Crimes against Humanity as A Form of Human Rights Violation (Criminal Law Perspective). Law Reform, Vol.18,(No.1), pp.28-42. https://doi.org/10.14710/lr.v18i1.44154
  33. Windarwati, Heni Dwi., Ati, Niken Asih Laras., Paraswati, Mareta Deka., Ilmy, Shofi Khaqul., Supianto, Ahmad Afif., Rizzal, Alfunnafi’ Fahrul., Sulaksono, Ari Dwi., Lestari, Retno., & Supriati, Lilik. (2020). Stressor, coping mechanism, and motivation among health care workers in dealing with stress due to the COVID-19 pandemic in Indonesia. Asian Journal of Psychiatry,Vol.56. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.ajp.2020.102470
  34. Yang, Po., Qi, Jun., Zhang, Shuhao., Wang, Xulong., Bi, Gaoshan., Yang, Yun., Sheng, Bin., & Yang, Geng. (2020). Feasibility study of mitigation and suppression strategies for controlling COVID- 19 outbreaks in London and Wuhan. PLoS ONE, Vol.15, (No.8). https://doi.org/10.13 71/journal.pone.0236857
  35. Yanti, Budi., Mulyadi, Eko., Wahihuddin, Novika, Revi Gama Hatta., Arina, Yuliana Mahdiyah Da’at., Martini, Natali Sri., & Nawan. (2020). Original Article Community Knowledge, Attitudes and Behavior Towards Social Distancing Policy As A Means of Preventing Transmission of COVID-19 in Indonesia. Jurnal Administrasi Kesehatan Indonesia, Vol.8,(No.1),pp.4–14. https://doi.org/10.20473/jaki.v8i2.2020.4-14
  36. Kaya, I. (2021). Human Rights in the Age of Pandemics in Proceedings of the 1st International Conference on Law and Human Rights 2020 (ICLHR 2020) (pp.1-4). DOI: 10.2991/assehr.k.210506.001
  37. Tobing, Kevin., Sirait, Ningrum Natasya., & Adolf, Huala. (2022). The Indonesian Government’s Approach on a Human Rights-Based to Control the Spread of Coronavirus Disease (Covid-19). In Proceedings of the Second International Conference on Public Policy, Social Computing and Development (ICOPOSDEV 2021) (pp.57-62). DOI: 10.2991/assehr.k.220204.010
  38. Creswell, John W. (2014). Research design: qualitative, quantitative, and mixed methods approaches (4th ed.). Singapore: Sage Publication
  39. Emerson, Kirk., & Nabatchi, Tina. (2015). Collaborative Governance Regimes. Washington DC: Georgetown University Press
  40. Schutter, Oliver De. (2014). International Human Rights Law Cases, Materials, Commentary (2nd ed.). Cambridge: Cambridge University Press
  41. Banjarnahor, D. (2020, November 29). Jateng Jadi Biang Kerok Covid-19 di RI Meledak & Cetak Rekor. Retrieved from https://www.cnbcindonesia.com/news/20201129161558-4-205519/jateng-jadi-biang-kerok-covid-19-di-ri-meledak-cetak-rekor
  42. Boediwardhana, W. (2021, March 29). Governor Khofifah Reported for Alleged COVID-19 Violation. Retrieved from https://www.thejakartapost.com/paper/2021/05/28/governor-khofifah-reported-for-alleged-covid-19-violation.html
  43. D’auria, Gemma., & Smet, Aaron De. (2020, March 16). Leadership in a crisis: Responding to coronavirus. Retrieved from https://www.mckinsey.com/business-functions/organization/our-insights/ leadership-in-a-crisis-responding-to-the-coronavirus-outbreak-and-future-challenges#
  44. Fachriansyah, R. (2020, May 17). COVID-19: #IndonesiaTerserah trends as frustration mounts over physical distancing violations, govt policies. Retrieved from https://www. thejakartapost.com/news/2020/05/17/covid-19-indonesiaterserah-trends-as-frustration-mounts-over-physical-distancing-violations-govt-policies.html
  45. Fathurohman, I. (2020, February 6). Luhut Akui Dua Juta Data Kasus COVID-19 Belum Masuk Laporan. Retrieved from https:// www.idntimes.com/news/indonesia/irfanfathurohman/luhut-akui-dua-juta-data-kasus-covid-19-belum-masuk-laporan-pemerintah/1
  46. Indonesia Internet Provider Association. (2020). Internet User Survey 2019-2020. In Asosiasi Penyelenggara Jasa Internet Indonesia (p. 1). APJII. Retrieved from https://apjii.or.id/content/read/104/503/BULETIN-APJII-EDISI-74---November-2020
  47. Nugraha, Ricky Muhammad., & Bhwana, Petir Garda. (2020, December 21). Former State Minister’s “Mega Corruption” of the Covid-19 Govt Assistance. Retrieved from https://en.tempo.co/read/1416361/former-state-ministers-mega-corruption-of-the-covid-19-govt-assistance
  48. Oktavianti, Tri I. (2021, March 3). A year in COVID-19: Women in informal work prove mettle against pandemic blues. Retrieved from https://www.thejakartapost.com/news/ 2021/03/03/a-year-in-covid-19-women-in-informal-work-prove-mettle-against-pandemic-blues.html
  49. Purba, K. (2020, April 8). When your dead body is rejected everywhere. Retrieved from https://www.thejakartapost.com/academia/2020/04/08/when-your-dead-body-is-rejected-everywhere.html
  50. Rakhmani, Inayah., Eliyanah, Evi., & Sakhiyya, Zulfa. (2021, February 15). Research: Indonesian female academics bear the brunt of the pandemic. The Coversation. Retrieved from https://theconversation. com/research-indonesian-female-academics-bear-the-brunt-of-the-pandemic-154487
  51. Satgas Penanganan COVID-19. (2021, February 3). Komite Penanganan COVID-19 Dan Pemulihan Ekonomi Nasional. Retrieved from https://covid19.go.id/
  52. Saunders, J. (2021). COVID-19 and Key Human Rights Principles in Practice: State Obligations and business’ responsibilities in responding to the pandemic. Retrived from https://policy-practice.oxfam.org/resources/ covid-19-and-key-human-rights-principles-in-practice-state-obligations-and-busi-621037/
  53. Soeriaatmadja, W. (2020, April 7). Indonesia ranks among world’s worst in coronavirus testing rate. Retrieved from https://www. thejakartapost.com/news/2020/04/07/indonesia-ranks-among-worlds-worst-in-coronavirus-testing-rate.html
  54. Syakriah, Ardila., & Gunawan, Apriadi. (2021, May 2). Swab scandal, quarantine breaches call Indonesia’s tourism reopening into question. Retrieved from https://www.thejakartapost.com/news/ 2021/05/02/swab-scandal-quarantine-breaches-call-indonesias-tourism-reopening-into-question.html
  55. WHO Coronavirus Disease (COVID-19) Dashboard. (2021). WHO. Retrieved from https://covid19.who.int/

Last update:

  1. Environmental Damage: Community Lawsuit Against The Government Over Industrial Business Licenses

    Bachrul Amiq, M. Syahrul Borman, Moh Taufik, Renda Aranggraeni, Pudji Astuti, Sukanya Aimim-Tham, Aminah Aminah. LAW REFORM, 20 (1), 2024. doi: 10.14710/lr.v20i1.61176

  2. The Dynamics of Government Fiscal Policy Post COVID-19 Pandemic in Indonesia (Legal Analysis of Government Regulation instead of Law Number 1 Year 2020)

    Ni Putu Niti Suari Giri, I Gede Yusa, Putu Gede Arya Sumerthayasa, Danial Kelly, Jared Ivory. LAW REFORM, 20 (1), 2024. doi: 10.14710/lr.v20i1.63339

Last update: 2024-12-26 09:01:56

No citation recorded.